Makam Irak
عراق
Pronunciation
The tonic (karar) of makam Irak is Irak (F) and its dominant (güçlü) is Dügah (A). The score archive has 3 works in this makam.
Scale
In Arabic music this makam is known as ʿIraq (عراق).
Structure
Key signature: B koma flat, F bakiye sharp. The scale starts on Irak (F); the dominant is the 3rd degree above the tonic.
Melodic path (seyir)
It follows an ascending melodic path (seyir); it starts around the tonic or the dominant Dügah (La), moves without going much into the high register, and makes a half cadence on Dügah. Owing to its solemn character it moves mostly in the low register, among the pitches below the tonic; at times a suspended cadence with Nikriz appears on Rast. It comes to rest on the Irak pitch with the Segah çeşni, mostly with a leading tone.[1]
The makam's family
Listen to this first
Well-known pieces in this makam
Ordered by ListenBrainz listen counts of recordings; only the title and composer are given. Pieces in the archive open with their score.
In the score archive in this makam
- Derd-i Hicrinle Bestenigâr Ziyâ Bey · Şarkı
- Pür Arak Ahmet Avni Konuk · Küpe
- Uyan Ey Gözlerim Ali Ufkî Bey · İlâhî
Sing the scale
Choose your voice; the scale is transposed to a pitch you can sing comfortably. Listen first, then turn on the microphone and sing degree by degree from the karar up to the upper karar. The sound is processed only in your browser and is not sent anywhere.
In depth: archive data, historical sources and files
Pitch usage in the archive
Time and effect in early sources
- Time: according to Şirvânî, the afternoon (asr).
- Effect: Şirvânî writes that it brings a balanced ease and delight; in the naming attributed to Urmevî it is the "delight" degree.[2]
This is the tradition reported by Fethullah Şirvânî (15th century) and Hekim Şuûrî (17th century); it is not a scientific or medical claim. The makam of the same name in that period may not be identical to today's.
Files and software
Frequently asked questions
What is makam Irak?
The tonic (karar) of makam Irak is Irak (F) and its dominant (güçlü) is Dügah (A). The score archive has 3 works in this makam.
What are the karar and güçlü of makam Irak?
Makam Irak has Irak (F) as its karar (final tone) and Dügah (A) as its güçlü (dominant).
What is the scale of makam Irak?
Key signature: B koma flat, F bakiye sharp. The scale starts on Irak (F); the dominant is the 3rd degree above the tonic.
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